In fact, the cluster-heads are optimally determined and
suitably distributed over the area of interest allowing the member nodes reaching them with adequate
energy dissipation and appropriate load balancing utilization. In addition, nodes radio are turned off for
fixed time duration according to sleeping control rules optimizing so their energy consumption. The
performance evaluation of the proposed protocol is carried out through the well-known NS2 simulator
and the exhibited results are convincing. Like this, the residual energy of sensor nodes was measured
every 20 s throughout the duration of simulation, in order to calculate the total number of alive nodes.
Based on the simulation results, we concluded that our proposed HEBM protocol increases the profit of
energy, and prolongs the network lifetime duration from 32% to 40% compared to DEEAC reference
protocol and from 25% to 28% compared to FEMCHRP protocol. The authors also note that the proposed
protocol is 41.7% better than DEEAC with respect to FND (Fist node die), and 25.5% better than FEMCHRP
with respect to LND (last node die) while maintaining the average data transmission delay. We found
also that HEBM achieved 66.5% and 40.6% more rounds than DEEAC and FEMCHRP respectively.