3) K-scale. K-scale was added to verify the concurrent
validity of SAS. K-scale was developed through the collaborative
effort of Korea Agency for Digital Opportunities and Seoul
National University. It was revised from Kimberly Young’s scale
of 20 questions into a 40-item, 4-point scale [14]. In this study, the
internal-consistency test result (Cronbach’s alpha) of K-scale was
0.95.