3.2 Single Bus Arrangement This is the simplest bus arrangement, a single bus and all connections directly to one bus (Figure 3.1).
Reliability of the single bus configuration is low: even with proper relay protection, a single bus failure on the main bus or between the main bus and circuit breakers will cause an outage ofthe entire facility. With respect to maintenance of switching devices, an outage of the line they are connected to is required. Furthermore, for a bus outage the entire facility must be de-energized. This requires standby