amorphous solid definition
Amorphous solid, any noncrystalline solid in which the atoms and molecules are not organized in a definite lattice pattern. Such solids include glass, plastic, and gel. Solids and liquids are both forms of condensed matter; both are composed of atoms in close proximity to each other. But their properties are, of course, enormously different. While a solid material has both a well-defined volume and a well-defined shape, a liquid has a well-defined volume but a shape that depends on the shape of the container. Stated differently, a solid exhibits resistance to shear stress while a liquid does not. Externally applied forces
Properties and Origins
A solid is a material that has a defined shape. In chemistry, solids are referred to as states of matter that are not just defined by shape but also volume. There are two types of solids: crystalline and amorphous solids. Think of these as the odd couple. They are complete opposites. Crystalline solids have long-range order, meaning that their structure is very defined and carries a distinct pattern. This is quite different from our friend the amorphous solid who lacks rigidity and distinct patterning.
A very important point to keep in mind with amorphous solids is its physical properties. Because these solids lack a defined shape, the strength of the bonds that hold the atoms together can vary. Some of those bonds (seen in diagram 1) can be weaker or stronger than others. This contributes to another property of amorphous solids: they do not have a well-defined melting point.
The melting point of this solid can change, depending on the heat applied to the substance. Substance A may melt very fast as the bonds are weak and susceptible to breaking, when heat is applied. On the other hand, substance B may take a longer time to melt as those bonds are much stronger and refuse to break when heat is applied.
amorphous solid definitionAmorphous solid, any noncrystalline solid in which the atoms and molecules are not organized in a definite lattice pattern. Such solids include glass, plastic, and gel. Solids and liquids are both forms of condensed matter; both are composed of atoms in close proximity to each other. But their properties are, of course, enormously different. While a solid material has both a well-defined volume and a well-defined shape, a liquid has a well-defined volume but a shape that depends on the shape of the container. Stated differently, a solid exhibits resistance to shear stress while a liquid does not. Externally applied forcesProperties and OriginsA solid is a material that has a defined shape. In chemistry, solids are referred to as states of matter that are not just defined by shape but also volume. There are two types of solids: crystalline and amorphous solids. Think of these as the odd couple. They are complete opposites. Crystalline solids have long-range order, meaning that their structure is very defined and carries a distinct pattern. This is quite different from our friend the amorphous solid who lacks rigidity and distinct patterning.A very important point to keep in mind with amorphous solids is its physical properties. Because these solids lack a defined shape, the strength of the bonds that hold the atoms together can vary. Some of those bonds (seen in diagram 1) can be weaker or stronger than others. This contributes to another property of amorphous solids: they do not have a well-defined melting point.The melting point of this solid can change, depending on the heat applied to the substance. Substance A may melt very fast as the bonds are weak and susceptible to breaking, when heat is applied. On the other hand, substance B may take a longer time to melt as those bonds are much stronger and refuse to break when heat is applied.
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