FOCUS OF ATTENTION
Instructions and feedback for motor skill learning often involve references to the performer’s movements,
describing how the movements of certain body parts should be coordinated with those of others in space and time. For example, instructions for tying a knot given to aspiring surgeons may include the following: ‘The right index finger and thumb continue to grasp the short end, as the middle and ring fingers are placed behind the short end to begin creating a loop. The left hand has begun to bring the long strand toward the surgeon.’Numerous studies in the past few years have demonstrated that instructions directing attention to performers’ movements – and referring to body parts such as fingers,
hands, hips, head, etc. (inducing an ‘internal focus’ of attention) – are relatively ineffective. By contrast, directing attention to the effects of the individual’s movements on the environment (e.g. an implement) – inducing an ‘external focus’ generally results in more effective performance and learning.
FOCUS OF ATTENTION
Instructions and feedback for motor skill learning often involve references to the performer’s movements,
describing how the movements of certain body parts should be coordinated with those of others in space and time. For example, instructions for tying a knot given to aspiring surgeons may include the following: ‘The right index finger and thumb continue to grasp the short end, as the middle and ring fingers are placed behind the short end to begin creating a loop. The left hand has begun to bring the long strand toward the surgeon.’Numerous studies in the past few years have demonstrated that instructions directing attention to performers’ movements – and referring to body parts such as fingers,
hands, hips, head, etc. (inducing an ‘internal focus’ of attention) – are relatively ineffective. By contrast, directing attention to the effects of the individual’s movements on the environment (e.g. an implement) – inducing an ‘external focus’ generally results in more effective performance and learning.
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FOCUS OF ATTENTION
Instructions and feedback for motor skill learning often involve references to the performer’s movements,
describing how the movements of certain body parts should be coordinated with those of others in space and time. For example, instructions for tying a knot given to aspiring surgeons may include the following: ‘The right index finger and thumb continue to grasp the short end, as the middle and ring fingers are placed behind the short end to begin creating a loop. The left hand has begun to bring the long strand toward the surgeon.’Numerous studies in the past few years have demonstrated that instructions directing attention to performers’ movements – and referring to body parts such as fingers,
hands, hips, head, etc. (inducing an ‘internal focus’ of attention) – are relatively ineffective. By contrast, directing attention to the effects of the individual’s movements on the environment (e.g. an implement) – inducing an ‘external focus’ generally results in more effective performance and learning.
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