Of obvious relevance to education is the concept of learning.
Simply stated, learning is characterized by stable and persistent
changes in what a person or group of people know and
can do (Spector, 2012). A key attribute of learning is change –
learning is aimed at changing what people know and can do.
This attribute leads to an assessment principle – namely,
assessing learning is fundamentally about determining that
desirable changes have occurred and are likely to persist.
Instruction is that which is intended to facilitate and support
learning. Technology can be defined as the systematic application
of knowledge for a purpose – typically a purpose that is
aimed to benefit a group of individuals. While these definitions
are commonly and widely accepted, they are often overlooked
when discussing educational technology and learning in the
21st century.