some points to discuss in comparison with DSC thermograms
(Fig. 2) and SEM micrograms (Fig. 3). The native JFSS showed a
shoulder at the beginning of viscosity increase, which could indicate
the existence of two different melting temperatures as seen in
the DSC thermogram (Fig. 2A). As for the partially-gelatinized
starch, the initial viscosity was slightly higher than that of control
probably due to the partial amylose leaching and minor swelling of
starch granules as evidenced in Fig. 3 and the viscosity increase was
rather gradual making the shoulder less obvious. During the stage
of the sharpest viscosity increase after the shoulder or gradual increase,
both graphs overlapped, implying that swelling of starch
granules was mainly governed by the second melting at above 80 C
(Figs. 2 A and C). The fact that starch granules did not swell
significantly after the heat treatment at 70
C(Fig. 3) could support
this. As a result, partial gelatinization of the JFSS at 70 C converted
the gelatinization profile from bi-modal to uni-modal and modified
the pasting profile that were characterized as lower breakdown
thus improved stability and higher final viscosity.