Thus when running or in this case jumping, athletes apply force to the ground with both a downward (vertical) and (horizontal) component.
The ground then exerts an equal and opposite force which propels the athlete forward (if the force is great enough to overcome its inertia).
When force is applied to the ground it exerts an equal and opposite force, which then propels us in the air.
The power of the jump comes from the vertical force generated from the foot plant and the use of the arm swing.
Higher amounts of vertical momentum will dictate the height of mass (centre of mass) at take-off.