Purpose
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is any form of bleeding distal to the Ligament of Treitz. In most cases, acute LGIB is self-limited and resolves spontaneously
with conservative management.
Methods
Only a minority of approximately 10% is admitted to hospital with signs of massive bleeding and shock requiring resuscitation, urgent evaluation and treatment.
Results
Over the past decade, there has been a progressive decrease in upper GI events and a significant increase in lower GI events. Overall, mortality has also decreased,but in hospital fatality due to upper or lower GI complications have remained constant.
The problem is that LGIB can arise from a number of sources and may be a significant cause of hospitalisation and mortality in elderly
patients.
Conclusions
After initial resuscitation, the diagnosis and treatment of LGIB remains a challenge for acute care surgeons, whereby the identification of the source of bleeding is of utmost importance.
Keywords Lower GI bleeding Colonoscopy Angiography Surgery I
Conclusions
Urgent surgery to treat lower gastrointestinal bleeding(LGIB) is now very rare. Endoscopy and newer radiologic techniques have mainly replaced surgery as a firstline tool.
Localisation of the bleeding point is the highest priority.
Morbidity and mortality after surgery are mainly determined by comorbidities rather than the surgical procedure
itself.