the output image was used to carry out geometric correction for the historical to carry satellite image of ETM+ and TM, using the image-to-image correction method [30]. the ETM+ and TM image were correction using second order polynomial transformation with RMS values of less than one pixel. All image were resampled by the NN method to 30 m.pixel size, registered in the Jordan Tranverse Mercator (JTM) projection and clipped to the borders of the study area