The methodology that to uses MARKAL-based least cost energy system model as an analytical framework. That to assess how exactly those impacts translate into the energy system of each country is composed of four modules: energy supply, conversion and process technology, service energy demand and gases and pollutant emissions.
Service energy demand is categorized in to five sectors: agriculture, household, service, industry and transportation. Large scale models are needed that to minimize the energy system cost and the transmission linkages of the discounted present value of the stream of annual costs incurred in each year.