A range of system alterations have also been trialled including diversion systems on the lubricant circuit to reduce thermal losses. Presented here is a critical review of the research into vehicle thermal management during the cold-start
phase which has been driven by a desire to improve both engine and overall vehicle engine efficiency.
The review includes both system developments and material selection issues and the role the two fields have to play in tackling this critical issue. _ 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license