Finally, multiple strategy instruction combines the use of several of these processes together in flexible and appropriate ways. Research conducted in the late 1990s also suggests that teachers can learn to integrate these kinds of strategy instructions in classroom settings and that peers working in cooperative learning situations can effectively tutor each other in comprehension strategies. In a study the students were taught four concrete reading strategies: summarizing, questioning, clarifying, and predicting. From the study, they found that the strategy training was effective in enhancing the reading proficiency of the students (Brown and Palincsar, 1984) .Teaching students to summarize what they read is another way to improve their overall comprehension of text. Dole, Duffy, Roehl, and Pearson (1991, as cited in Duke & Pearson , 2002) describe summarizing as follows: