Forest type Mean stand
age (years)
Woody species
richness (species
per ha)
Shannon
diversity
index
Old secondary forest 63.3 ± 7.9 34.0 ± 3.5d 14.3 ± 2.8c
Middle-aged secondary
forest
33.3 ± 4.9 25.7 ± 5.4cd 12.3 ± 3.0bc
Young secondary forest 10.0 ± 0.0 5.0 ± 1.0a 2.7 ± 0.0a
Bischofia javanica
plantation
40.1 ± 0.7 10.7 ± 0.3ab 2.5 ± 0.5a
Cupressus lusitanica
plantation
34.3 ± 2.2 10.0 ± 1.5ab 4.8 ± 0.7ab
Maesopsis eminii
plantation
51.0 ± 9.3 20.3 ± 3.8bc 8.3 ± 1.6abc
Mixed indigenous
plantation
70.3 ± 2.9 26.7 ± 2.7cd 9.0 ± 0.9abc
Pinus patula plantation 42.9 ± 2.0 19.3 ± 2.4bc 9.5 ± 1.5abc
Disturbed primary forest
(control)
150.0 ± 0.0* 32.7 ± 2.0cd 10.9 ± 2.2abc
p value