guilt and blame according to each
of the Brickman et al.'s four responsibility models.
They are most likely to emerge when the alcoholic,
his/her family and friends, and the wider society
subscribe to a moral model of alcoholism. At the
other extreme, if they endorse the medical/disease
model, the alcoholic is least likely to feel shame, guilt
or blame. In the compensatory model, these
emotional reactions are most likely to emerge if the
alcoholic does not achieve a successful solution to the
problem. In contrast, in the enlightenment model, we
anticipate the appearance of blame, shame and guilt
only for the presence of the problem. Later in
the paper I examine these emotional reactions
with respect to familial attribution of responsibility
for etiology, behavior and consequences of the
alcoholism