• As the organisation charts, the grouping of tasks onto divisions and departments sets up a series of 'vertical' chains or structures, reflecting the separation of specialised activities.
• But look at from the point of view of a guest coming into a hotel, the 'flow' of activity doesn't look like this at all. A guest experiences the hotel less as a vertical structure than as a horizontal process. (S)he makes a booking, has it confirmed, arrives at the hotel on the due day, checks-in, requests various services as the stay unfolds, then turns up to check-out, receives the bill, pays it - and departs. For the guest, the experience is chronological: unfolding as a series of events, activities and services received over time.