Labor. Labor rates of $22.05 per hour for the owner/rancher and $14.70 for general labor includes
payroll overhead of 47%. The basic hourly wages are $15.00 for the owner labor and $10.00 for general
labor. The overhead includes the employers’ share of federal and California state payroll taxes, workers'
compensation insurance for a stock operation (code 0038), and a percentage for other possible benefits.
Workers’ compensation insurance costs will vary among ranchers, but for this study the cost is based
upon the average industry final rate as of January 1, 2005 (California Department of Insurance).