Forms for 703 enrolled infants from 11 centers
were received by the steering committee. Eighty-six
of 94 infants from one center had been included
without meeting the inclusion criteria for resuscitation,
and all 94 infants from that center were excluded
by the steering committee. Of the remaining
infants, 16 has been allocated to the wrong group (10
born on even dates given oxygen and 6 born on odd dates given room air) because of a mistake concerning
the date in 15 infants, in one case, oxygen was not
available and the infant was resuscitated with room
air instead. These 16 infants were included in the
data analysis in the group in which they had been
treated. In addition, four enrolled infants who died
were included, although they had potentially lethal
congenital conditions that were not recognized until
resuscitation had been attempted. Two of these infants
had diaphragmatic herniae, one had esophageal
atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula, and one
had congenital syphilis; all belonged to the room air
group. Therefore, a total of 609 infants were eligible
for analysis (Fig 1).