Many species of bacteria possess the ability to synthesize andexcrete extracellular polysaccharides (exopolysaccharides, EPS).Once transported to the extracellular space, EPS exist as either soluble or insoluble polymers and are either loosely attached to thecell surface or completely excreted into the environment as slime.It has been shown that bacterial EPS provide protection from vari-ous environmental stresses, such as desiccation, predation, and theeffects of antibiotics However, the interest in EPS has increased considerably inrecent years because these compounds are candidates for many commercial applications in the health, bionanotechnology, food,cosmetics, and environmental sectors.Several researchers have discussed recent advancements in theunderstanding of the potential industrial applicability of thesebacteria for the production of gums and the importance of thesecompounds in soil aggregation. In addition, the functional prop-erties of bacterial exopolysaccharides have been demonstrated ina wide range of applications, including food products, pharma-ceuticals, bioemulsifiers bioflocculants chemical products the biosorption of heavy metals, and antibiofilm agents in both industry and medicine In the agriculture sector, the flu-idity of fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides has been improvedby the addition of xanthan, which results in the uniform suspen-sion of solid components in formulations Thus,studies in this area are very important for the identification of bothnovel biopolysaccharides and new techniques for optimizing theirproduction Numerous types of exopolysaccharides have already beendescribed