We used the social discrimination test to evaluate short-term and long-term SRM in adult Sprague-Dawley male rats (n ¼ 38). The role of protein synthesis in the MeA was investigated by local application of the protein synthesis blocker anisomycin (n ¼ 11). Synaptic plasticity was assessed in vivo by recording the MeA evoked field potential responses to stimulation of the main (n ¼ 21) and accessory (n ¼ 56) olfactory bulbs before and after theta burst stimulation. Intracerebroventricular administration of saline, oxytocin, or oxytocin receptor antagonist was used to measure the effect of oxytocin on synaptic plasticity.