1. Introduction
The paper is concerned with the application of foresight in devising strategic technology policies in Thailand. The Thai government, through the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) and the APEC Center for technology Foresight (which is under NSTDA), has used the foresight as a policy instrument to develop national science and technology (S&T) policies. The study has applied a foresight process to look forward the plausible paths of the Thai industries in 2020. By grasping the trends and a view of the future, Thailand aims to create national programs to increase technological capabilities for catching up and competing in tomorrow’s world. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 presents the literature review on technology foresight and the role of S&T in advancing the national innovation system. Section 3 analyses the foresight exercise undertaken mainly by NSTDA and the APEC Center for Technology Foresight to understand future visions in S&T. Section 4 presents the process of foresight exercise for guiding S&T development and foresight directions by using the cluster-based development approach. Policy implications for policy makers as well as conclusions are drawn in section 5.