Although framing, priming, anchoring and mere exposure effects are generally viewed
negatively in TFAS because System 2 often does not adequately examine situations to
overcome improper biases, lean companies use these effects advantageously. Much of
the power of those effects in a lean context comes when beneficial biases become second
nature to workers as part of altered automatic System 1 thinking. Workers experience a
consistent message in word and deed that creates an environment that positively biases
them to embrace lean’s philosophies, principles and practices as a means of achieving
shared goals. For example, maintaining a 5S work environment (Ablanedo-Rosas et al.,
2010) primes workers to have a mindset biased toward orderliness while executing and
improving all processes. Lean companies generally frame inventory as a wasteful cost
that represents a loss of value (as opposed to being a good default means to handle
variability and uncertainty), thereby biasing workers to look for ways to reduce
inventory. Excess time allotted to tasks is framed as waste harmful to the company,
employees and customers and not as a way to have slack in the system, thereby causing
workers to look for ways to execute processes more quickly and fill idle time with
value-adding work. Cross-training and fewer job classifications are framed not as extra
demands on workers or as the loss of hard-won benefits due to seniority, but as
value-adding because of improved flexibility, system-wide process understanding,
protection against repetitive motion injuries and job satisfaction.
Although framing, priming, anchoring and mere exposure effects are generally viewednegatively in TFAS because System 2 often does not adequately examine situations toovercome improper biases, lean companies use these effects advantageously. Much ofthe power of those effects in a lean context comes when beneficial biases become secondnature to workers as part of altered automatic System 1 thinking. Workers experience aconsistent message in word and deed that creates an environment that positively biasesthem to embrace lean’s philosophies, principles and practices as a means of achievingshared goals. For example, maintaining a 5S work environment (Ablanedo-Rosas et al.,2010) primes workers to have a mindset biased toward orderliness while executing andimproving all processes. Lean companies generally frame inventory as a wasteful costthat represents a loss of value (as opposed to being a good default means to handlevariability and uncertainty), thereby biasing workers to look for ways to reduceinventory. Excess time allotted to tasks is framed as waste harmful to the company,employees and customers and not as a way to have slack in the system, thereby causingworkers to look for ways to execute processes more quickly and fill idle time withvalue-adding work. Cross-training and fewer job classifications are framed not as extrademands on workers or as the loss of hard-won benefits due to seniority, but asvalue-adding because of improved flexibility, system-wide process understanding,protection against repetitive motion injuries and job satisfaction.
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