Separately for R1 and R2 averages followed by the same superscript letters are not significantly different (P <0.05).LOD = 0.42 ng.Sample codes: recipe 1 – effect of added ingredients: R1 + GP, recipe 1 (wheat flour, water, sugar, margarine) with addition of GP; R1B + GP, recipe 1 + baking powder + GP; R1S + GP, recipe 1 + salt + GP; R1 M + GP, recipe 1 + nonfatdry milk powder + GP; R1E + GP, recipe 1 + dry egg white powder + GP; R1A + GP, recipe 1 + all ingredients together + GP; recipe 2 – effect of types of sugar: R2G + GP, glucose-formulated muffins + GP; R2F + GP, fructoseformulatedmuffins + GP; R2Bs + GP, white beet sugar-formulated muffins + GP; R2Cs + GP, raw cane sugar-formulated muffins + GP; recipe 2 – effect of types of oil: R2OO + GP, olive oil-formulated muffins + GP; R2RS + GP,rapeseed oil-formulated muffins + GP; R2RB + GP, rice bran oil-formulated muffins + GP; R2GS + GP, grapeseed oil-formulated muffins + GP.Values are mean ± SD of three replicates.ad
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