We have proposed a classificatory framework that distinguishes between content and process approaches to strategy and the design and use of MCS, and helps to manage the tension between diversity and consistency. This framework reduces complexity and offers a means for developing more consistent conceptualizations of controls and strategy, assimilating findings of previous research, and focusing future research efforts. Using this framework we have suggested a number of areas for future research that would help us consolidate our understanding of the MCS-strategy relationship.