Successfully following the Japanese model is only one potential future scenario for Chinese development. A second possible scenario is the formation of a Japanese-Chinese economic and political alliance similar to that between Great Britain and the U.S. in the 1700s and 1800s. Japanese financing and technology already combine in many industries to create some of the world’s most competitive firms that dominate many industries and global export markets. Incombination with China’s conventional and nuclear military capabilities, this potential geopolitical and economic alliance could challenge U.S. hegemony.