! First, the line between culture and commerce is arti! cial and ignores the
fact that culture has developed within industrial capitalism for the past
150 years. The “distrust of technology and artistic innovation” implied
by such views is excessive and unnecessary (Miège 1989: 10).
! Second, referring to the industry or “system” “in the singular misleads
one into thinking that we are faced with a uni! ed ! eld, where the
various elements function within a single process … The cultural
industries are complex, and an analysis must bring out the reasons for
this diversity” (Miège 1989: 10).
! Third, “new communication technologies … contribute to tightening
the hold of capitalist production over culture as well as communication,
[but] this does not mean that the capitalist industrialization of culture
has been fully realized” (Miège 1989: 11)