INTRODUCTION
Until the early 90s, limited attention was given to the role of ethics
within tourism studies (Lea 1993). As the decade progressed, the
application of ethics within the context of business began to have a
wider audience, and a limited number of academic articles relating
to tourism also began to appear (Karwacki and Boyd 1995; Payne
and Dimanche 1996). Some authors briefly alluded to environmental
ethics, including Hughes (1995) who introduced a limited environmental
ethical perspective within the context of sustainable tourism
in Scotland, while Hultsman (1995) related Leopold’s (1949) concept
of the “land ethic” to the development of a “tourism services
ethic”. Yet as Fennell recently suggests, “Fundamentally, there is a
INTRODUCTION
Until the early 90s, limited attention was given to the role of ethics
within tourism studies (Lea 1993). As the decade progressed, the
application of ethics within the context of business began to have a
wider audience, and a limited number of academic articles relating
to tourism also began to appear (Karwacki and Boyd 1995; Payne
and Dimanche 1996). Some authors briefly alluded to environmental
ethics, including Hughes (1995) who introduced a limited environmental
ethical perspective within the context of sustainable tourism
in Scotland, while Hultsman (1995) related Leopold’s (1949) concept
of the “land ethic” to the development of a “tourism services
ethic”. Yet as Fennell recently suggests, “Fundamentally, there is a
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