Redundancy analysis for the effects of regions (WT and PC) and water quality (WQI) on assemblages of MA = fleshy macroalgae, HC = hard corals, OC = octocorals, and fish. Sequential sums of squares were summed over the responses of each species or genus in each group to give analysis of variance tables. The pseudo-F (pF) statistic was bootstrapped and bias adjusted. Perm-P is the P-value of the permutation test used to assess the significance of the effect. For octocorals, there was a strong water quality effect and a weak region effect, whereas for the other three groups, regional differences were stronger than the water quality effect