This paper presents a preliminary investigation on producing biochar from bamboo using a technique of
hydrothermal carbonization. Laboratory scale experimentation to produce carbonaceous materials was
carried out. The suspended biomass samples in water were subjected to hydrothermal carbonization at
220o
C, 2.2 MPa in a closed vessel for six hours. The resulting products were in solid and liquid phase.
The coal-like biochar was found to have rough surface and porous structure. The aqueous solution was
found to contain a high concentration of nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The
study shows that bamboo is an interesting and adequate biomass for the production of biochar with
several applications including carbon sequestration.
Copyright © 2011 International Energy and Environment Foundation - All rights reserved.
Keywords: Biomass; Char; Hydrothermal carbonization; Renewable energy.
1. Introduction
With the global warming in the centre of international concern and discussions, a profound review in
energy policy is being conducted. In this arena, ideas for alternatives to ever-decreasing reserves of fossil
fuels as well as measures to decelerate or reduce the CO2 emissions are urgently required. The efficient
management of biomass, for instance to produce biofuels, is one of the most interesting aspects under
investigation in order to achieve an environmentally-clean and CO2-neutral solution.
A possible method to convert biomass into a biofuel is hydrothermal carbonization, also known as HTC.
The first experiments involving the HTC process were already performed during the first half of the
twentieth century and were aimed at understanding the mechanism of natural coalification [1, 2] although
it was not until recently that this mechanism was proposed for the production of biofuels [3]. The HTC
process is relatively simple, requiring mainly a closed vessel that contains the wet biomass and that is
heated to temperatures between 170 and 250°C over a period ranging from a few hours to a day [4]. The
hydrothermal carbonization process includes several reaction mechanisms, such as hydrolysis,
dehydration, decarboxylation, polymerization and aromatization, although the detailed reactions have
been only well characterized for a few types of biomass, such as cellulose [5]. The process takes place
effectively only in water and is exothermic. The products of the HTC are a solid phase or “HTC-coal”
and a liquid phase, referred as process water. A small amount of gas is also produced.
In the field of biofuel research, most attention has been paid to the liquid and gaseous
This paper presents a preliminary investigation on producing biochar from bamboo using a technique ofhydrothermal carbonization. Laboratory scale experimentation to produce carbonaceous materials wascarried out. The suspended biomass samples in water were subjected to hydrothermal carbonization at220oC, 2.2 MPa in a closed vessel for six hours. The resulting products were in solid and liquid phase.The coal-like biochar was found to have rough surface and porous structure. The aqueous solution wasfound to contain a high concentration of nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Thestudy shows that bamboo is an interesting and adequate biomass for the production of biochar withseveral applications including carbon sequestration.Copyright © 2011 International Energy and Environment Foundation - All rights reserved.Keywords: Biomass; Char; Hydrothermal carbonization; Renewable energy.1. IntroductionWith the global warming in the centre of international concern and discussions, a profound review inenergy policy is being conducted. In this arena, ideas for alternatives to ever-decreasing reserves of fossilfuels as well as measures to decelerate or reduce the CO2 emissions are urgently required. The efficientmanagement of biomass, for instance to produce biofuels, is one of the most interesting aspects underinvestigation in order to achieve an environmentally-clean and CO2-neutral solution.A possible method to convert biomass into a biofuel is hydrothermal carbonization, also known as HTC.The first experiments involving the HTC process were already performed during the first half of thetwentieth century and were aimed at understanding the mechanism of natural coalification [1, 2] althoughit was not until recently that this mechanism was proposed for the production of biofuels [3]. The HTCprocess is relatively simple, requiring mainly a closed vessel that contains the wet biomass and that isheated to temperatures between 170 and 250°C over a period ranging from a few hours to a day [4]. Thehydrothermal carbonization process includes several reaction mechanisms, such as hydrolysis,dehydration, decarboxylation, polymerization and aromatization, although the detailed reactions havebeen only well characterized for a few types of biomass, such as cellulose [5]. The process takes placeeffectively only in water and is exothermic. The products of the HTC are a solid phase or “HTC-coal”and a liquid phase, referred as process water. A small amount of gas is also produced.In the field of biofuel research, most attention has been paid to the liquid and gaseous
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..