Use of probiotics
Another technology that can be used to control Salmonella in poultry is the use of probiotics that have effects of competitive exclusion on Salmonellae. This effect is well known by the scientific community and was first described by Nurmi and Rantala as early as 1973.
The strain of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (Cylactin) has the ability to reduce colonisation of different serotypes of Salmonella in poultry's caeca. As described in Table 1, when continuously used in feeds, it significantly reduced the prevalence of Salmonella in chickens' caeca subjected to an initial oral challenge and slaughtered at approximately 30 days of age.
The mechanism that explains this effect is related to its high production of lactic acid in the intestinal lumen that not only inhibits the growth of salmonellae, but also stimulates the increase of the population of Lactobacillus spp, beneficial flora. Another important effect observed is Cylactin's capacity to stimulate poultry's immune system, increasing the amount of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes T in chickens' intestinal lumen at 7 days of age, which is an important primary barrier against pathogens and can potentiate the effect of live vaccines.
Competitive exclusion
Prevalence of Salmonella, both typhi and paratyphi, remains a limiting factor in optimising profitability in the egg production industry. In general, costs to control diseases are very high and the impact on the media and consumers are also significant. Additionally, Brazilian regulations are becoming less and less tolerant towards the most potentially harmful serotypes to people's health.
Due to the enormous diversity of Salmonella serotypes and their high adaptability to different animal species, the control of Salmonella in commercial stocks requires a systemic approach which involves principles of biosecurity such as cleaning, disinfection, control of rodents, flies and Salmonella free feed. The use of auxiliary tools, such as live vaccines and competitive exclusion probiotics, which has proven to be efficient by the scientific community, should be used combined in order to get the most of their individual potentials.
Use of probioticsAnother technology that can be used to control Salmonella in poultry is the use of probiotics that have effects of competitive exclusion on Salmonellae. This effect is well known by the scientific community and was first described by Nurmi and Rantala as early as 1973.The strain of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 (Cylactin) has the ability to reduce colonisation of different serotypes of Salmonella in poultry's caeca. As described in Table 1, when continuously used in feeds, it significantly reduced the prevalence of Salmonella in chickens' caeca subjected to an initial oral challenge and slaughtered at approximately 30 days of age.The mechanism that explains this effect is related to its high production of lactic acid in the intestinal lumen that not only inhibits the growth of salmonellae, but also stimulates the increase of the population of Lactobacillus spp, beneficial flora. Another important effect observed is Cylactin's capacity to stimulate poultry's immune system, increasing the amount of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes T in chickens' intestinal lumen at 7 days of age, which is an important primary barrier against pathogens and can potentiate the effect of live vaccines.Competitive exclusionPrevalence of Salmonella, both typhi and paratyphi, remains a limiting factor in optimising profitability in the egg production industry. In general, costs to control diseases are very high and the impact on the media and consumers are also significant. Additionally, Brazilian regulations are becoming less and less tolerant towards the most potentially harmful serotypes to people's health.Due to the enormous diversity of Salmonella serotypes and their high adaptability to different animal species, the control of Salmonella in commercial stocks requires a systemic approach which involves principles of biosecurity such as cleaning, disinfection, control of rodents, flies and Salmonella free feed. The use of auxiliary tools, such as live vaccines and competitive exclusion probiotics, which has proven to be efficient by the scientific community, should be used combined in order to get the most of their individual potentials.
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