POSITIONING
Position changes have shown rises in ICP, although some studies found that the increase was transient. Williams and Coyne (1993) focused on head position and found that rotation to either side could lead to a rise in ICP, believing this
was caused by reduced venous drainage from the brain; they recommended avoiding rotation or flexion of the head. Mitchell (1986) rolled patients laterally while maintaining the head in a midline position and found that ICP rises were minimized. Endotracheal ties should not be too tight, and some critical care units prefer to tape the endotracheal tube to the face,
to avoid excessive pressure on the neck veins.