2.2. Enzymes and yeast
Thermostable a-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) preparation Termamyl SC
DS was used in the enzymatic liquefaction step in the amount of
1.25 mL kg1 of raw material dry matter. Glucoamylase (EC
3.2.1.3) preparation SAN Extra L and protease (EC 3.4.23.28) Neutrase
0.8 L were used in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.
The enzyme doses were 1.25 and 0.9 mL kg1 of dry
matter for SAN Extra L and Neutrase 0.8 L respectively. All enzymes
were kindly provided by Novozymes (Denmark). Active dry yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ethanol Red were purchased from Fermentis
(France). The yeast were rehydrated in sterile distilled
water (1:10 m/v yeast to water ratio) for 30 min at ca. 30 C prior
to inoculation.
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