a b s t r a c t
Handheld AugmentedReality(HAR)hasthepotentialtointroduceAugmentedReality(AR)tolarge
audiences duetothewidespreaduseofsuitablehandhelddevices.However,manyofthecurrentHAR
systemsarenotconsideredverypracticalandtheydonotfullyanswertotheneedsoftheusers.Oneof
the challengingareasinHARisthein-situARcontentcreationwherethecorrectandaccurateposi-
tioning ofvirtualobjectstotherealworldisfundamental.Duetothehardwarelimitationsofhandheld
devices andpossiblerestrictionsintheenvironment,thecorrect3Dpositioningofobjectscanbedifficult
to achieveweareunabletouseARmarkersorcorrectlymapthe3Dstructureoftheenvironment.
WepresentSlidAR,a3DpositioningforSimultaneousLocalizationAndMapping(SLAM)basedHAR
systems.SlidARutilizes3Dray-castingandepipolargeometryforvirtualobjectpositioning.Itdoesnot
requireaperfect3Dreconstructionoftheenvironmentnoranyvirtualdepthcues.Wehaveconducteda
user experimenttoevaluatetheefficiency ofSlidARmethodagainstanexistingdevice-centricposi-
tioning methodthatwecallHoldAR.ResultsshowedthatSlidARwassignificantly faster,requiredsig-
nificantly lessdevicemovement,andalsogotsignificantly bettersubjectiveevaluationfromthetest
participants. SlidARalsohadhigherpositioningaccuracy,althoughnotsignificantly.
& 2015ElsevierLtd.PublishedbyElsevierLtd.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBY-NC-ND