Database recovery is the process of restoring the database to a correct state following
a failure. The failure may be the result of a system crash due to hardware or software
errors, a media failure, such as a head crash, or a software error in the application, such as
a logical error in the program that is accessing the database. It may also be the result of
unintentional or intentional corruption or destruction of data or facilities by system admin-istrators or users. Whatever the underlying cause of the failure, the DBMS must be able to
recover from the failure and restore the database to a consistent state.