The grouping process works toward the “meta-goals of education” (Napier & Gershenfeld,1985) or broader goals for students, possibly because this process reflects real life situations better than whole-class configurations. Students will eventually work in family group, on athletic teams, or with a department staff. Working in small groups in classrooms will promote the interpersonal skills, cooperative work habits, and a sense of competence necessary for working in future groups.