The political perspective
The formulation of strategy can also be explained in political terms. Organisations are
political entities and, as such, powerful internal and external interest groups influence
the inputs into decisions. These interest groups, each of which have different concerns, may be in conflict; there may be differences between groups of managers,
between managers and shareholders, or between powerful individuals. These differences are likely to be resolved through processes of bargaining, negotiation or perhaps
edict; with the result that goals and objectives, strategic issues and even strategies are derived from this political process and not from an analytical neutral assessment and choice.