These fall into three classes: (1) byproducts of the industrial pro-
duction of a commodity such as waste glycerol from transesterification
of TAGs into biodiesel [7,8]; (2) enzymatic hydrolysates of complex car-
bohydrates from corn [9], sorghum [10], cassava [11,12], rice straw [13],
and Jerusalem artichoke [14]; and (3) in the case of molasses [15,16], an
industrial byproduct that requires enzymatic hydrolysis prior to use in
culture medium.