within seconds in the absence of any surfactants, the oil replacement during which, for comparison, is a spontaneous process as water wetting is a preferable way leading to a lower system free Gibbs Energy. The oil replacement and selfcleaning property of the smart fabric are demonstrated by ways
of rinse washing and dip washing in Supporting Information Movie S1 (even dried oil stains with dye can also be replaced and removed completely by water within seconds, see Part 4 of Movie S1). Note that the water-assisted self-cleaning process is economically effective and environmentally friendly as no detergent is needed during the entire cleaning process