need for this technology to gain greater publicacceptance and trust before it can be consideredas one among a set of technologies that maycontribute to improved global food security.There are particular issues involving newtechnologies, both GM and non-GM, that aretargeted at helping the least-developed countries(35,36). The technologies must be directed atthe needs of those communities, which are oftendifferent from those of more developed countryfarmers. To increase the likelihood that new tech-nology works for, and is adopted by, the poorestnations, they need to be involvedin the framing, prioritization, riskassessment, and regulation of inno-vations. This will often require thecreation of innovative institutionaland governance mechanisms that ac-count for socio-cultural context (forexample, the importance of womenin developing-country food produc-tion). New technologies offer majorpromise, but there are risks of losttrust if their potential benefits areexaggerated in public debate. Effortsto increase sustainable productionlimits that benefit the poorest nationswill need to be based around newalliances of businesses, civil societyorganizations, and governments