Abstract
Typically, English language proficiency tests yield multiple scores – usually for each of the four
traditional language domains. In order to maximize the usefulness of test scores, they may need
to be accompanied by information concerning how they complement one another.
Using self-assessments by some 2300 TOEIC test takers, this study aimed to show that
language performance in a particular domain (speaking, for instance) can be predicted by using a
test that corresponds specifically to that domain (i.e., the TOEIC Speaking test), but also that it
can be even better predicted by supplementing domain-related scores with scores (e.g., TOEIC
Listening scores) that do not correspond directly to the target domain.
The results of a hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that adding test scores that
did not correspond directly to the target performance domain made statistically and practically
significant contributions to prediction in the target domain. Thus, more precise estimates of
English language proficiency in a specific domain are possible by assessing skills not only in that
domain but in other related domains as well.