Effect of water addition
To determine how the coproduction of biodiesel and glycerol carbonate was
affected by water addition, various concentrations (0.5, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0%, v/v)
of water were added with 20% Novozym 435. The sample without water addition
was used as control. The reactions were performed with the molar ratio of DMC to
soybean of 10:1 at 60 ◦C and 180 rpm.