In addition, many community participants felt women are best suited for leading the social enforcement of KTR because of
Indonesian gender norms whereby men are expected to show respect for and take care of women and children.
If women were to collectively hold men accountable for protecting women’s health by asking men to observe SF zones, men
may be more likely to do so. Participants also talked about the need for men to appear masculine in front of women, and that
smoking sends a signal of masculinity.