Other studies within the countries of the European Union have revealed English bring used as an IBE or BELF, with or without the presence of inner circle speakers. Poncini’s (2004) Longitudinal study of an Italian company is an account of a multilingual encounter, where English is only one of the company, involving 36 participants (the majority from expanding circle counties), 14 different cultures and several different language. Although the meetings were officially held in English,Phocini reports that the meeting were successful because the participants used a combination of code-switching, where necessary to explain a point , judicious pronoun choice (e.g. the use of inclusive “we” to include everyone at the meeting), specialized terminology and strategic evaluation strategies. This all helped to create a positive atmosphere. Rogerson-Revell (2007,2008) also reports on multicultural meetings held in the European context,where both inner and expanding circle speakers were present. In her studies, she discusses the challenges perceived by the non-native speakers of English and the strategies they used to meet them. Although she reports that the inner circle speakers did not dominate the proceedings in terms of actual talk time. She also found that the expanding circle speakers were less likely to participate. On a more positive note, with specific reference to the performance of the speakers of English from the expanding circle, Pogerson-Revell comments that , ‘despite concerns from some participants that communication in English can be problematic, the analysis illustrates the overall positive linguistic performance of speakers in the meetings themselves’ (2008 : 338). Studies such as these reveal that English is used for pragmatic reasons by speakers from the expending circle, simply as a means of achieving a business transaction. There seems to be little or no need to use or mimic inner circle varieties of English. In other words, speakers use English as a means to communicate. They do not attempt to replicate the English produced by their inner circle colleagues.