2.1 Background of orchids over 25.000 species of orchids are belonging to orchidaceae family(Figure 2.1), which is the largest family of flowering plant(Angiosperms). They can grow in various environments, whereas, morphological characters depend on climate of habitat Life cycles of orchids are composed of seed germination and unique pollination. orchid seeds are dust-like. Fruits or capsules can be produced up to a million seeds, depending on species. seeds are requiring specific type of fiungus for germination because of low food storage Many characters of flowers are attracting by many pollinators, such as bee, wasps, butterflies, moths. flies. beetles. ants and even birds. The pollinators are producing new hybrids. orchids are rare. expensive. beautiful. colorful. exotic and unique, which are the reason for orchid demand. Orchid was important commercial plants that are used as cut flowers and potted plants to satisfy demand. both locally and untemationally, orchids are declined in the world due to consumer demand, climate changes and destruction of natural forest areas. Consequently, micropropagation is an essential approach that used for orchid conservation.