5. CONCLUSION
Caches have accounted for a significant fraction of the overall
chip dynamic energy. For instance, the Alpha 21264 CPU
consumes about 16% energy in caches, even without on-chip L2
caches. The Pentium Pro consumes about 33% of the chip power
in instruction fetch and d-cache together. Large L2 caches typically
consume even more power. For example, the Intel 200 MHz P2 processor
with 256 KB L2 Cache has a typical thermal design power
consumption of 27.3W. When the L2-Cache size is increased to
1MB, the typical power consumption for the same processor jumps