The described results were
obtained when leaves were frozen for 30 min periods. Tests were
also conducted using longer freezing times ranging from 1 to 4 h at
−2.5 ◦ C. The line with the most AFP expression exhibited approximately 22% leakage after a one hour freeze and leakage increased with increased time of freezing, but 50% electrolyte leakage was not obtained until leaves had been frozen for four hours. The study
did not determine if the decreased electrolyte leakage in the AFP
producing transformants resulted from decreased ice nucleation, a
decreased rate of ice crystal growth, or an inhibition of recrystallization. In other tests, in which leaves were held at temperatures of
−2 to −4 ◦ C without external ice nucleation, the AFP producing lines
had less electrolyte leakage, suggesting that decreased ice nucleation played at least some role in these results.
The described results were
obtained when leaves were frozen for 30 min periods. Tests were
also conducted using longer freezing times ranging from 1 to 4 h at
−2.5 ◦ C. The line with the most AFP expression exhibited approximately 22% leakage after a one hour freeze and leakage increased with increased time of freezing, but 50% electrolyte leakage was not obtained until leaves had been frozen for four hours. The study
did not determine if the decreased electrolyte leakage in the AFP
producing transformants resulted from decreased ice nucleation, a
decreased rate of ice crystal growth, or an inhibition of recrystallization. In other tests, in which leaves were held at temperatures of
−2 to −4 ◦ C without external ice nucleation, the AFP producing lines
had less electrolyte leakage, suggesting that decreased ice nucleation played at least some role in these results.
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