The advantage of ultrasound is that it is clearly able to enhance extraction at lower There is a range of equipment available to scale up extraction processes. However the first decision must be
the frequency to use for the process requirement. Lower frequencies such as 20 and 40 kHz are most beneficial for
extraction if a physical, mechanical extraction process is required. Higher frequencies such as 850 kHz appear to be
beneficial for oxidative effects. Equipment ranges from simple small scale baths and probes to larger scale
extraction devices dealing with 30L to 1000L as batch bath type systems (Chemat, Zill-E-Huma & Khan 2011)
The range of materials that benefit from ultrasonic extraction is vast. It has been shown to increase yields,
reduce processing times and provide a cleaner crude extract thus reducing both treatment times and post-treatment
purification processes. With a range of ultrasonic equipment now available for scale up industry is now seriously
considering the use of ultrasound as a real process to enhance their own existing practices.