(2) Attendance: As mentioned above, we only included in our study students who attended at
least 67% of recitation classes. We started with 25 students in the experimental class, 24 in the
control class. After disqualifying students who dropped the course (6), failed the attendance
criterion (16), attended both classes (1), were upperclassmen (2), or outliers (1), we ended up
with an N of 13 in the experimental class and an N of 10 in the control class.