Congenital adrenal hyperplassia: This genetic disorder is characterized by low levels of cortisol. It's common for people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia to have additional hormone problems such as low levels of aldosterone (which maintains a balance of water and salf). The adrenal glands have a multi-functional role in the endocrine system. The two very different parts of these glands, the medulla and cortex, regulate and maintain many of your of your internal processes -from metabolism to the fight-or-flight response.