The core ethanol response included 1.3- to 5.4-fold activation of established stress-associated genes, including groEL, groES, hsp3, grpE, and lp_0752 (putative stress-responsive transcription regulator), lp_0726 (membrane-bound protease of the CAAX family), and lp_3128 (stress-induced DNA binding protein) (Fig. 1B).